Dyslipidemia among hypertensive patients aged 45-75 years attending Mubende Regional Referral Hospital in Mubende district. A cross-sectional study.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51168/9a21aa92Abstract
Background
Hypertension and dyslipidemia significantly contribute to cardiovascular diseases, which continue to account for the highest number of deaths worldwide. The study aims to assess the prevalence and factors contributing to dyslipidemia among hypertensive patients aged 45-75 years attending the hypertension clinic at Mubende Regional Referral Hospital.
Methodology
A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive design was used in this study. The design involved reviewing existing laboratory records to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and assess the contributing factors among hypertensive patients aged 45-75 years using existing laboratory records from October 2025 to March 2026 at a single point in time.
Results
Females constituted 56.2% of the reviewed medical records, and males accounted for 43.8%. The majority of hypertensive patients resided in urban areas (57.6%), and 42.4% were from rural areas. 186 (48.4%) were found to have dyslipidemia. This indicates that nearly half of the hypertensive patients attending the clinic had at least one abnormal lipid parameter. 72 hypertensive patients with dyslipidemia (38.7%) had elevated total cholesterol; 114 patients (61.3%) did not have elevated total cholesterol. Low HDL-C was the most common lipid abnormality among hypertensive patients with dyslipidemia, affecting 96 patients (51.6%), while 48.4% had normal HDL-C levels. Elevated triglycerides were observed in 64 patients (34.4%), and 122 (65.6%) had normal triglyceride levels. Age group and place of residence showed a statistically significant association with dyslipidemia (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Dyslipidemia is common, affecting 48.4% of hypertensive patients in this age group. The most common lipid abnormalities were low HDL-C and high LDL-C. Dyslipidemia was significantly associated with age group and place of residence. Hypertensive patients aged 45–75 years are at high risk of lipid abnormalities and cardiovascular complications.
Recommendation
Routine lipid profile testing should be included in the care of hypertensive patients, especially those aged 45–75 years.
References
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